NgeSonto, ngo-Ephreli 4, 2021
Isazi sebhayoloji kanye nomkhuba wobuchwepheshe wobuchwepheshe ku-Clinical Analysis Laboratory Practice.
UNIVERSITY CENTRE - UNIFAVENI
ISIQEPHU SOKUFUNDA
UKUTHOLA AMALAYISENSI NGOKUGCWELE KWISAYENSI YEBIOLOGICAL
UCESAR AUGUSTO VENÂNCIO DA SILVA
Isazi sebhayoloji kanye nobuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe ku
Ukuzijwayeza Kweklinikhi Yokuhlaziywa Komtholampilo.
U-FORTALEZA-2021
UCésar Augusto Venâncio da Silva
INETWORK Yokufundisa Yesikhathi Esizayo
Isazi sebhayoloji kanye nobuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe ku
Ukuzijwayeza Kweklinikhi Yokuhlaziywa Komtholampilo.
Ukuqedwa kweDegree ku-Biological Sciences Course, okwethulwe njengesidingo esinqunyiwe sokuthola iDegree ku-Biology.
Umeluleki: Thisha. U-Ana Paula Rodrigues Rodrigues.
U-FORTALEZA-2021
ISIQINISEKISO SE-BIOLOGIST NE-PROFESSIONAL technical
UCésar Augusto Venâncio da Silva, uphothula izifundo zeBiological Sciences e-CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO UNIFAVENI REDE FUTURA. Fortaleza, Ceará, ikheli le-elektroniki: cesarvenancio.d Doutorado@gmail.com
Abstract - Isazi sezinto eziphilayo kanye nendima yakhe kuClinical Analysis. Inhloso ukuqinisa ukuba semthethweni kokusebenza kweClinical Analyst Specialty ngusosayensi wezinto eziphilayo. Chaza "isixhumanisi esiyimbangela" se-biology kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo. Kunokuqagela okuningi okuphambene nokusebenza kwezazi zebhayoloji ekuhlaziyweni kwemitholampilo, ngoba abaningi bacabanga ukuthi abanaso isisekelo sezifundo sokusebenza kule ndawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iNkantolo Yombuso yaseBrazil yanquma ukuthi "umthetho unikeze ukugunyazwa kokwenziwa kwalowo msebenzi, ngokuya ngoqeqesho lwezifundo lweBiologist, olwalulawulwa ngaphansi kwemigomo yeCFBio Resolutions 12/1993 no 10/2003". Izazi zebhayoloji, njengodokotela, osokhemisi, osokhemisi kanye nodokotela bezokwelapha, manje sezingakwazi ngokomthetho, uma sezifundile, futhi zibhalise eMkhandlwini Wesifunda Wezebhayoloji, zingasebenza emisebenzini yangasese yochwepheshe ekuhlaziyweni kwemitholampilo.
Amagama angukhiye - Isazi sezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo. Imikhandlu Kahulumeni Neyesifunda Yekhemisi neBiomedicine. Umthethonqubo. Ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti nokuba semthethweni kokusetshenziswa kweClinical Laboratory Analyses by Biologists.
Okufingqiwe - Isazi sezinto eziphilayo nendima yakhe kuClinical Analysis. Inhloso ukuqinisa ukuba semthethweni kokusebenza kweClinical Analyst Specialty ngusosayensi wezinto eziphilayo. Chaza "isixhumanisi esiyimbangela" se-biology kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo. Kunokuqagela okuningi okuphambene nokusebenza kwezazi zebhayoloji ekuhlaziyweni kwemitholampilo, ngoba abaningi bacabanga ukuthi abanaso isisekelo sezifundo sokusebenza kule ndawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iNkantolo Yombuso yaseBrazil yanquma ukuthi "umthetho unikeze ukugunyazwa kokwenziwa kwalowo msebenzi, ngokuya ngoqeqesho lwezifundo lweBiologist, olwalulawulwa ngaphansi kwemigomo yeCFBio Resolutions 12/1993 no 10/2003". Ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo, njengodokotela, osokhemisi, osokhemisi kanye nodokotela be-biomedical, manje sebengakwazi ngokomthetho, uma sebekwazi ukufundela, futhi babhalise kuMkhandlu Wezifundo Zesifunda,
Amagama angukhiye - Isazi sezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo. Imikhandlu Kahulumeni Neyesifunda Yekhemisi neBiomedicine. Umthethonqubo. Ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti nokuba semthethweni kokusetshenziswa kweClinical Laboratory Analyses by Biologists.
1. Isingeniso.
1.1 - Ukuhlaziywa Kwemitholampilo.
Kule ndatshana yethulwe ngenhloso yokuphothula izifundo zemfundo ephakeme ku-biology, inhloso yethu ukuqinisa ukuba semthethweni kokusetshenziswa kweClinical Analyst Specialty ngusosayensi wezinto eziphilayo. Chaza "imbangela ebusayo" yebhayoloji kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo, kanye nodaba olusetshenziswayo, kulezi zinsuku, ngemithetho yezomthetho yeFederative Republic of Brazil.
1.2 - Yenza i-biology ngokusebenzisa "ukusetha i-laboratory ukuze ihlaziye".
Le ndawo iphinde inikeze ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo indlela yokwenza, ngoba kungenzeka ukusetha ilabhorethri ukuze ihlaziywe. I-SEBRAE (i-Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service) ikhiphe "umhlahlandlela" wokuthi ungayisetha kanjani ilabhorethri yokuhlaziya imitholampilo (finyelela umhlahlandlela). Iqukethe imininingwane ngesakhiwo esidingekayo selabhorethri, imishini, abasebenzi kanye nezidingo ezithile zomthetho. Kuqhutshwa ukukhula kwemakethe yezempilo, isidingo samalabhorethri wokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo besikhuphuka kakhulu eBrazil.
1.3 - Isazi sebhayoloji singasebenza kuClinical Analysis.
Ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo kuyigatsha lolwazi olusebenza ngokutadisha okuthile ukuze kuqoqwe imininingwane futhi kukhonjwe ukuxilongwa maqondana nempilo yesiguli. Ngaphezu kwezivivinyo esezishiwo, sine-urea, i-creatine, i-cholesterol ephelele, i-triglycerides, i-uric acid, i-hemostasis, isiko lama-bacteriological, i-antibiogram, njll.
Kunokuqagela okuningi okuphambene nokusebenza kwezazi zebhayoloji ekuhlaziyweni komtholampilo, ngoba abaningi bacabanga ukuthi abanaso isisekelo sekharikhulamu sokusebenza kule ndawo, futhi nakuMkhandlu WesiFunda nowesifunda weFarmacy neBiomedicine, ngaphansi kokuqonda ukuthi umsebenzi onjalo kuvinjelwe osokhemisi kanye nemithi yokwelapha, ngaphandle kokuba kube nomthetho olawula le mikhakha, kusungulwe noma yiluphi uhlobo lokukhetha ekwenzeni le misebenzi.
I-CFBio / CRBios System igcizelela ukuthi, ngokwemigomo ye-Federal Law No. 6.684 / 1979, umthetho wanikeza ukugunyazwa kokwenziwa kwalowo msebenzi, ngokuya ngoqeqesho lwezifundo lweBiologist, olwalulawulwa ngaphansi kwemigomo yeCFBio Resolutions No. s 12/1993 no-10/2003. I-ANVISA ngokuya ngombono wezomthetho kanye nesinqumo sokuphatha, I-OPINION CONS / 2008 - I-PROCR / ANVISA kanye neMemorandamu No. 081/2008-GGTES / ANVISA, ibuye iqinisekise ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele, okuphelele futhi okuphelele kanye nokusemthethweni kokusetshenziswa kweClinical Laboratory Analyses Izazi zezinto eziphilayo.
Izazi zebhayoloji, njengodokotela, osokhemisi, osokhemisi kanye nodokotela bezokwelapha, manje sezingakwazi ngokomthetho, uma sezifundile, futhi zibhalise eMkhandlwini Wesifunda Wezebhayoloji, zingasebenza emisebenzini yangasese yochwepheshe ekuhlaziyweni kwemitholampilo.
Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa komtholampilo kuyizindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa odokotela ukugcwalisa ukuhlolwa komtholampilo nokuqapha izimo zempilo zesiguli. Isethi yokuhlolwa okuhlolwa ikhava yomtholampilo iyithuluzi eliyinhloko elisetshenziswa odokotela ukuhlola izimo zezempilo zesiguli. Njengoba ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile, kusobala ukuthi umuthi waselebhu uyingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwemitholampilo. Ngalo mqondo, ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo kufaka phakathi uchungechunge lwezinqubo ezicwaninga ngezinto eziphilayo, kusuka egazini kuya ezicucwini zezicubu. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesampula, okuhlanganisiwe noma ngokusolwa kokuqala kukadokotela Ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo kwenziwa emikhakheni ethile yama-laboratories wokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo (ngokusho kwenhlanganisela yamakhemikhali noma izinsolo zomtholampilo okuhloswe ukuthi ziphenywe). Ezinye izibonelo zemikhakha Yokuhlaziywa Kwemitholampilo yilezi:
• I- Hematology: ihlaziya izimo ezihlobene negazi, isibalo segazi kube yisivivinyo esivame kakhulu;
• I- Biochemistry: izivivinyo ziphenya izinqubo ze-metabolic, njenge, isibonelo, i-glucose, i-cholesterol, i-triglycerides, i-electrolyte, isibindi, izinso nokusebenza kwenhliziyo;
• I- Microbiology: ukuhlaziywa kwesiko lomchamo nokunye uketshezi, okukhombisa ukuba khona kwezifo ezihlobene nomsebenzi oyingozi wamagciwane emzimbeni;
• I- Parasitology: umkhakha lapho kutholakala khona ukutholakala kwama-microorganism, njengezibungu kanye ne-protozoa, ngokuhlolwa kwesitokisi, ngokucwaninga ngegazi lemilingo, njll.
• I- Immunology: ihlaziya izifo ezihlobene nokuzivikela komzimba, njengokutholakala kwe-toxoplasmosis, rubella, udenga, phakathi kokunye;
• I- Uroanalysis: inesibopho sokuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo okwenziwe ngomchamo, okungakhombisa ukuba khona kwezifo ezingakhombisi zimpawu.
Izikhungo zezempilo kufanele zisebenze ngaphansi kokuphepha okuqinile, inhlanzeko, izibopho kanye nezinhlelo zokunemba. Nge-laboratory yokuhlola imitholampilo, lokhu akuhlukile, ngoba lolu hlobo lwensizakalo lusebenza nsuku zonke ngamasampuli wezinto eziphilayo futhi kufanele lukwazi ukwenza ukuhlaziywa okubalulekile kokuxilonga okubalulekile emitholampilo nasezibhedlela. Ukuze la malabhorethri asebenze kahle kakhulu nokunakekela okungenzeka, ukubhekwa kwezempilo kwenza ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwezinsizakalo nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe balezi zikhungo, kunikeza kuphela izimvume zokusebenza kulabo abasemagunyeni afanele futhi kumiswe labo abangawenzi landela lezi zinyathelo zemihlahlandlela. Izikimu eziqinile "zokuphepha, inhlanzeko" ziyafaneleka, ngakho-ke,
1.4 - Ukusebenza kwe-biologist ekuhlaziyweni kwemitholampilo.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi eyahlukahlukene eyenziwa ngusosayensi ekuhlaziyweni komtholampilo, kufaka phakathi ukutholakala kokuxilongwa kwezinto eziphilayo , zamangqamuzana nezemvelo (ukuqoqa nokuhlaziya amasampuli, ukwenza izivivinyo, ukukhomba nokuhlukanisa izinhlobo zezilwane, ukukhipha imibiko yokuxilonga, njll.). Kungaba kusuka ekuhlolweni kwegazi kokubeletha okulula, kusuka ekuhlolweni okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuthola izifo ezifana ne-HIV / AIDS, isifo sikashukela nomdlavuza, ukwazi ukwethula imiphumela yelabhorethri kochwepheshe bezidumbu nakwabanye odokotela. Izazi zebhayoloji futhi zenza ukuhlaziywa okuthile kwemitholampilo, i-cytological, ne-cytogenic ( Ukuhlolwa kwe-cytogenetics kuhlose ukuhlaziya ama-chromosomes futhi ngaleyo ndlela kutholakale izinguquko ze-chromosomal ezihlobene nezici zomtholampilo zomuntu )kanye ne-pathological, okungukuthi: ukulungiselela amasampula wokuhlaziya, okokusebenza kanye nemishini yokuhlaziya, ukulawula ikhwalithi yenqubo yokuhlaziya, ukutolika imiphumela yokuhlaziya, ukukhipha imibiko yokuhlaziya nokwenza ukwelulekwa kwezofuzo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo kuyindawo yobungcweti kososayensi bezinto eziphilayo futhi kuyindlela yokwenza (i-Araújo, iVanessa, i-2020).
Isazi sezinto eziphilayo singuchwepheshe ongasebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ye-Biology, okungukuthi, kuzo zonke izindawo ezibandakanya ukutadisha impilo. Ubungcweti baba semthethweni ngemuva komthetho wesifundazwe onguNombolo 6,684, ngoSepthemba 3, 1979. Indawo yobungcweti yesayensi yezinto eziphilayo ibanzi impela futhi ihlukaniswe imikhakha emithathu emikhulu: Imvelo kanye Nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ezempilo,I-Biotechnology and Production, ngaleyo ndlela ingeza ngaphezu kwezindawo ezingama-85 zobungcweti. Muva nje, kulawulwe iqhaza le-Biologist emkhakheni we-Landscaping. Ngakho-ke, isazi sebhayoloji sikulungele ngokomthetho ukusebenza endaweni yeClinical Analysis ngokuya ngesinqumo esinguNombolo 12/1993 se-Egregious Federal Council of Biology ngokuya ngamandla okulawula anikezwe wona yimibandela yento II i-athikili 10 ye-Law Federal No. 6,684 / 79 ene-Article 1 ye-Federal Law No. 7,017 / 83 no-item III weSigaba 11 se-Federal Decree No. 88,438 / 83. Isazi sebhayoloji singaphendula ngobuchwepheshe iSiteshi Sokuhlola I-Clinical Laboratory / Collection. Ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe beBiologist kule ndawo kusekelwa yiFederal Law No. 6,684 / 1979 kanye neminye imigomo yezomthetho equkethwe kuzinqumo 12/1993, 10/2003, 570/2020 nango-227/2010. KuCytogenetic Analysis, Cytopathological Analysis, Clinical Analysis and Histopathological Analysis, uchwepheshe angazibophezela kwezobuchwepheshe ezinhlanganweni ezisemthethweni ezingama-02 (ezimbili), phakathi kwamaClinical Laboratories kanye namaPhoyinti Okuqoqwa, ngokusho kweSinqumo No. 302 sika 10/13/2005, kusuka ku- ANVISA (IZITHASISELO - ISITHASISELO I - Federal Law No. 6,684 / 1979. ISITHASISELO II - Isixazululo No. 12/1993. ISITHASISELO III - Isixazululo esingu-10/2003. ISITHASISELO IV - Isinqumo esinguNombolo 570/2020. ISITHASISELO V - Isinqumo esinguNombolo 227/2010. ISITHASISELO VI - ANVISA Resolution No. 302 ka 10/13/2005)
Isazi sebhayoloji kanye nomkhuba wobuchwepheshe wobuchwepheshe ku-Clinical Analysis Laboratory Practice.
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